IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT) IN MONITORING AND CONTROL OF WATER TURBIDITY LEVELS IN KOI FISH BREEDING POND

Abstract

Water quality management is a critical aspect of environmental monitoring and aquaculture, particularly in maintaining optimal conditions for aquatic organisms. One of the main parameters affecting water quality is turbidity, which can indicate pollution and excessive suspended particles. Recent developments in Internet of Things IoT technology provide opportunities to improve real-time monitoring and automatic control of water quality. Therefore, this study aims to design and implement an IoT-based water turbidity monitoring and control system to monitor turbidity levels and automatically regulate water conditions. The proposed system utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with a turbidity sensor, ultrasonic sensor, relay modules, and water pumps, while Node-RED is employed as the data processing and visualization platform. Data communication is carried out using the MQTT protocol, enabling real-time data transmission and monitoring through a graphical dashboard. In addition, Telegram notifications are implemented to promptly inform users when turbidity exceeds predefined thresholds. The research method includes system design, hardware and software integration, and performance testing under various turbidity conditions. The testing results show that the system is able to accurately measure water turbidity, transmit sensor data reliably, and display real-time monitoring graphs via Node-RED. Furthermore, the system successfully performs automatic control of drain and fill pumps based on detected turbidity levels. In conclusion, the developed IoT-based system effectively monitors water turbidity in real time, provides automatic notifications, and autonomously controls water circulation when turbidity becomes excessive. Future research may include the integration of additional water quality parameters, such as pH and temperature, ensuring sustainability globally.